Electron spin resonance (ESR), also known as electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR)，has been one of the ideal analysis methods since for its high sensitive, nondestructive and nonintrusive features. It has been used in a wide range of areas such as physics, chemistry, materials, biology and medicine, etc..
Electron spin resonance is a microwave resonant phenomenon of the unpaired electrons which are isolated or weak coupled in the matter. In classical mechanics, ESR is described as precessing of electron spin moment under a fixed magnetic field, namely Larmor precession. Quantum mechanics describes it as a transition between Zeeman-splitting energy levels which is generated by a magnetic field. 

ESR spectrometer (Bruker CW X-band)

Manufacturer：BRUKER(Germany)

Model：EMXplus-10/12

Instruments No：

Specifications and Applications:

Applications：

Measure：Ferromagnetic resonance (FMR); Paramagnetic resonance of metal ions, free radicals, crystal defects; microwave absorptions of superconductivity, etc.

Accessories：

Liquid nitrogen(LN₂) cryostat; Liquid helium (LHe) cryostat (ESR910); High-Q cylindrical resonantor (ER4119HC-LC); Dual mode resonantor (ER 4116DM); NMR Teslameter (ER 036TM); 1D goniometer; Single crystal/film holder; Electrode holder (voltage applying available).

Specifications：

Field sweep range：0-1.45T (72mm pole gap); Field sweep resolution: max 128000 points, Microwave frequency: 9.1-9.9 GHz, continuous wave(CW); Sensitivity: 1.5 x 10⁹ spins/G or S/N better than 2000:1(weak pitch); Temperature range with LN₂ accessories: 100K-400K; Temperature range with N₂ (gas): 300K-600K; Temperature range with LHe accessories：1.85K－300K。

Features：

Lowest temperature 1.85K and highest temperature 600K; Angle measurements on single crystal and film samples with voltage applying available。